Sodium nitrite : Preparation , Physical & Chemical Property , pharmaceutical uses , storage condition.

 

   Sodium nitrite 

         [NaNO₂]


Sodium nitrite is similar in name and use to sodium nitrate. Both are preservatives used in processed meats, such as salami, hot dogs, and bacon. Sodium nitrite has been synthesized by several chemical reactions that involve the reduction of sodium nitrate. Industrial production of sodium nitrite is primarily by the absorption of nitrogen oxides into aqueous sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide. Over the years, sodium nitrite has raised some concerns about its safety in foods, but it remains in use and there are indications that it may actually be healthy.


Preparation

* sodium nitrite is usually obtained by strongly heating sodium nitrate.

2NaNO₃  →  2NaNO₂  + O₂


* oxidation of catalytic ammonia is sodium carbonate solution on absorption gives sodium nitrite.

2Na₂CO₃+ 4NO + O₂ → 4NaNO₂ + CO₂

Physical property


* it is a white or yellow granular powder or stick.

*it is odourless and saline test.

* It has nature  hydroscopic (moisture absorption) 

* it have melting point 271 ℃.

* it is soluble in water.

Chemical property


* sulphuric acid react with sodium nitrite solution and form nitrous acid.

2NaNO₂ + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2HNO₂


* as reducing agent it reduces picramate per magnet and halogens it change molecular form to iron form.

2KmNO₄ + 5 NaNO₂ +H₂SO₄  → 5NaNO₃ +K₂SO₄                                                       + 2MnSO₄ + 3H₂O


Pharmaceutical uses


* it is used in laboratory.

* it is an antioxidant.

* it is a reducing agent.

* it is used as a treatment of Cyanide poisoning.

* it is used as preservative for food such as curd, meat.

* it is used for manufacturing dies ,photographs and vasodilators.

Storage condition 

It used be stored in tightly closed container.






Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Gastrointestinal agent , acidifying agent, Dilute hydrochloric acid , physical property , storage condition, uses, antacid ,property,example

   Gastrointestinal agent Gastrointestinal agents are drug which produce different effect in the gastrointestinal tract. Medications for gastrointestinal diseases and symptoms include prescription and nonprescription drugs, conventional and unconventional agents, simple small molecules, complex macromolecules and large recombinant proteins. These medications are can be classified based upon their use: drugs for nausea and vomiting (antiemetics), prokinetic agents, laxatives, antidiarrheal agents, drugs for acid peptic disease, drugs for irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and, of course, miscellaneous. Agents used for gastrointestinal disease rarely cause liver injury. One reason for this is that they are often locally active and result in little systemic exposure. The immunomodulatory agents used to treat inflammatory bowel disease are an exception, being given systemically, often intravenously and capable of causing liver injury, although not very frequently. Acidify
Read more

Sodium thio sulphate : Preparation , physical & chemical properties , pharmaceutical uses , storage condition.

   Sodium Thio Sulphate [Na₂S₂O₃.5H₂O] Sodium thio sulphate is used as a medication to treat cyanide poisoning, pityriasis versicolor, and to decrease side effects from cisplatin. For cyanide poisoning it is often used after the medication sodium  nitrite and typically only recommended for severe cases. Preparation * It can also prepared by passing sulphur dioxide into sodium sulphide. 2Na₂S + 3SO₂  → 2Na₂S₂O₃ + 1/2 S₂ * one half of a concentrated solution of sodium carbonate is saturated with Sulphur dioxide and the other half added to it then sodium sulphide is formed. Na₂CO₃ + 2SO₂ + H₂O → 2NaHSO₃ + CO₂ Na₂CO₃  +  2NaHSO → 2Na₂S₂O₃  + H₂O + CO↑ Physical property * it is colourless odourless and transparent crystalline powder. * it have bitter taste. * it is very soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. * it have melting point 56℃. *In its anhydrous form, sodium thiosulfate has a molar mass of 158.11 grams per mole. The more commonly available pentahydrate from, Na 2 S 2 O 3 .5H 2
Read more

Sulphur Dioxide : Preparation , Physical and Chemical property , uses and Storage condition.

   Sulphur Dioxide                     [SO₂] Overview Sulfur dioxide is a respiratory irritant that is highly soluble in the aqueous surfaces of the respiratory airways. Because of this high solubility, most of the sulfur dioxide is absorbed in the nose and upper airways and very little reaches the lungs directly. Inhalation of high ambient concentrations of sulfur dioxide can cause stimulation of the nerves in the air passages, resulting in a reflex cough, irritation, and chest tightness. At extremely high concentrations, the death or pathological changes including laryngotracheal and pulmonary edema can be induced in the respiratory tract of experimental animals. The gas is quite corrosive and can also cause damage to buildings and other materials. It is very acidic *preparation* Sulphur dioxide is prepared by the reaction of metallic sulphide or metallic by sulphite with dilute acid.  or  Sulphur Dioxide is prepared by the action of dilute sulphuric acid or sulphite. Na₂SO₃ + H₂SO₄ 
Read more