Nitrogen : Preparation , physical & chemical property , pharmaceutical uses , storage.

 

    Nitrogen [N₂]



Nitrogen occur in the atmosphere to exist 76% it also occur in large quantities as white salt .
     example in plant and animal tissue ( inorganic combination as protein, amino acid and alkaloid.) it is also present as nitrate in the soil formed by soil bacteria (nitrogen fixing bacteria rhizobium).

Preparation 

* nitrogen is obtained by removing the oxygen from atmospheric air high burning Phosphorus in closed container.

* when solution are sodium nitrate and ammonium chloride or sulphate is reacted nitrogen is formed.

NaNO₂ + NH₄Cl → NH₄NO₂ + NaCl ↓ 

NH₄NO₂ → N₂ + H₂O

* nitrogen is formed when ammonium dichloride is heated.

(NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇ → N₂ + Cr₂O₃ + 4H₂O


Physical Property

* nitrogen is colorless, odourless and tasteless gas.

* it is not inflammable.

* it condenses a liquid.

* it has boiling point 195.8 ℃.

* it is soluble in water(1 in 65) and alcohol(1 in 9) at normal temperature and pressure.


Chemical property

* nitrogen neither nor support in burning however burning of magnesium and Aluminium continuous in an atmosphere of Nitrogen forming nitrate.

3Mɡ + N₂  → Mɡ₃N₂

*  nitrogen is an inactive gas and combined with other element with difficulty with oxygen is combined only in presence of lightning discharge.

N₂ + O₂ → 2NO

*  nitrogen react with hydrogen under pressure 200 to 900 atmosphere and presence of catalyst .

N₂ + 3H₂ →  2NH₃

Pharmaceutical uses

* it is an antioxidant.

* it is a reducing agent.

* it is used in Packaging of medical supplies food.

* it is used to replace oxygen from container for some preparation example cod liver oil olive oil ergometrine killing.

* it is also used for killing electrical lamp.

* it is used in acid calcium cyanide and other nitrogen compound.

 Storage condition 


 since nitrogen is gas it must be stored under pressure in gas cylinder.



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