Gastrointestinal agent , acidifying agent, Dilute hydrochloric acid , physical property , storage condition, uses, antacid ,property,example

 

 Gastrointestinal agent

Gastrointestinal agents are drug which produce different effect in the gastrointestinal tract. Medications for gastrointestinal diseases and symptoms include prescription and nonprescription drugs, conventional and unconventional agents, simple small molecules, complex macromolecules and large recombinant proteins. These medications are can be classified based upon their use: drugs for nausea and vomiting (antiemetics), prokinetic agents, laxatives, antidiarrheal agents, drugs for acid peptic disease, drugs for irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and, of course, miscellaneous. Agents used for gastrointestinal disease rarely cause liver injury. One reason for this is that they are often locally active and result in little systemic exposure. The immunomodulatory agents used to treat inflammatory bowel disease are an exception, being given systemically, often intravenously and capable of causing liver injury, although not very frequently.


Acidifying Agent

Acidifying agent are not buffering agent although they frequently leveled such as acidifying agent given in achlorhydria condition.

E.g. - dill. HCl

Hydrochloric acid (dilute)

 *Dilute HCl is 9.5 to 10.5 weight by weight of HCL is prepared by mixing 274 gram of HCL and 726 gram of water.

* when dilute HCl is further diluted with 25 to 50 volume of water it may be used as a gastric acidifire to treat achlorhydria. 


Physical property

* dilute HCl is a clear colourless liquid with an acid taste.

* It has high pungent odour.

* dilute HCl can break down or digest many chemical or biological samples.

Storage condition

It should be kept in airtight container
Of class below temperature 30 ℃.

Pharmaceutical uses

* it is used in laboratory.

* it is acidifying Agent

* dilute HCl is administered orally to treat achlorhydria lack of HCL in gastric juice.

* it is used to treat table salt .

*it is used to control the pH of Pharmaceutical product ,food and drinking water.

* it is also used to extract basic drug and test for alkaline property.



Antacid

Antacid are drug used to neutralize the hydrochloric acid secreted in the stomach in gastric juice.

Property

* it should be quick acting.

* it should not liberate CO2.

* it should not produce system alkalosis.

* it should not interfere with absorption of food.

 it should be palatable and extensive.

* it should not be laxative or cause constipation.

* it should be quick action and long period of action.

* it should be insoluble in water.

Example

*Sodium bicarbonate

* aluminium Hydroxide

* Aluminium phosphate

* calcium carbonate

* magnesium carbonate 

*magnesium trisilicate 

*magnesium oxide





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